Gyles, Mary Francis (January 1947). "Nero Fiddled While Rome Burned". The Classical Journal. 42 (4): 211–17. JSTOR 3291751. Lira spread widely westward to Europe; in the 11th and 12th centuries European writers use the terms fiddle and lira interchangeably when referring to bowed instruments. [5] I watched this film recently in a sort of tribute to it's main star Alfred Lynch, who sadly died over the Christmas holiday 2003. I had never seen this film of his before and didn't even know when it was made. The reason I mention that is because this film feels like one of those Norman Wisdom films where the English cheeky chappy unwittingly does heroics in the war, all with a `blimey gov'ner' and so on. Instead this was made in the 1960's, although I can't think why. The basic plot sets up a series of little amusing scams before the sudden heroics that we all know will come sooner or later. While it is rarely hilarious, it is amusing at turns and is worth watching as long as you don't expect too much of it. London's Chocolate Factory to Revive Fiddler on the Roof". Playbill. August 16, 2018 . Retrieved August 17, 2018. The Top 200 Albums of the 2000s: 200–151", Pitchfork Media, September 28, 2009, accessed March 30, 2012

Ovadia, Moni. "Teatro Municipale Valli: Il violinista sul tetto", Fondazione I Teatri, accessed July 4, 2020In the very late 20th century, a few artists have successfully attempted a reconstruction of the Scottish tradition of violin and "big fiddle", or cello. Notable recorded examples include Iain Fraser and Christine Hanson, Amelia Kaminski and Christine Hanson's Bonnie Lasses, [16] Alasdair Fraser and Natalie Haas' Fire and Grace, [17] and Tim Macdonald and Jeremy Ward's The Wilds. [18] Balkan, with kontra [ edit ] The 2004 revival featured a song for Yente and some women of the village (Rivka and Mirala) titled "Topsy Turvy", discussing the disappearing role of the matchmaker in society. The number replaced "The Rumor/I Just Heard". Northwest fiddling, with influences from both Ozark and Midwestern fiddle styles, though with a strong emphasis on competitive playing like Texas fiddling.

George Abbott / Richard Burton / Circle in the Square Theatre / Thomas H. Fitzgerald / Mathilde Pincus (1976) The musical's popularity has led to numerous references in popular media and elsewhere. [86] A documentary film about the musical's history and legacy, Fiddler: A Miracle of Miracles, was released in 2019. [87] Parodies [ edit ] The culinary procedures on board sailing ships don't offer much of an explanation either. The idea that sailors' plates had raised edges and that these were called fiddles is quite incorrect. There were fiddles in sailing ships' galleys but those were arrangements of small posts and strings arranged around the edges of tables that were used to stop plates falling on the floor in rough weather. Donegal fiddling from the northwest in Ulster, which features mazurkas and a Scottish-influenced repertoire including Strathspey and Highland Fling dances. Fiddlers tend to play fast and make heavy use of staccato bowing and may from time to time "play the bass", meaning a second fiddler may play a melody an octave below where a first fiddler is playing it. Daniels, Nocholas. " Fiddler on the Roof extends its West End run at the Playhouse Theatre", Londontheatredirect.com, June 28, 2019The show toured the UK again in 2013 and 2014 starring Paul Michael Glaser as Tevye with direction and choreography by Craig Revel Horwood. [48] Fiddler on the Roof / Ethel Merman / Richard Rodgers / The Theatre Guild-American Theatre Society (1972) Kim, Wook. "Music Review: Knitting on the Roof", Entertainment Weekly, January 7, 2000, accessed March 30, 2012 Alfred Lynch - largely forgotten today - takes the lead as a fast thinking lovable rogue who knows every dodge there is. Sean Connery is cast as Lynch's slightly dimwitted but loyal friend as they both share various experiences during the second world war. The tone is kept quite lighthearted until about the last 20 minutes of the film. Then both characters are confronted by how truly horrific war is.

A Hebrew language staging was produced in Tel Aviv by the Israeli impresario Giora Godik in the 1960s. [70] This version was so successful that in 1965 Godik produced a Yiddish version translated by Shraga Friedman. [71] A 2008 Hebrew-language production ran at the Cameri Theatre in Tel Aviv for more than six years. It was directed by Rabbi Moshe Kepten, choreographed by Dennis Courtney and starred Natan Datner. [72] [73] In the film version, the character of Yente is reduced, and Perchik's song to Hodel "Now I Have Everything" is cut and replaced by a scene in Kyiv. The "Chagall color palette" of the original Broadway production was exchanged for a grittier, more realistic depiction of the village of Anatevka. [81] [82] Moynihan, Caitlin. "Jonathan Hashmonay, Maite Uzal & More Set for Fiddler on the Roof National Tour", Broadway.com, September 1, 2022 Productions [ edit ] Original productions [ edit ] Zero Mostel as Tevye in the original Broadway production, 1964 Hungarian, Slovenian, and Romanian fiddle players are often accompanied by a three-stringed variant of the viola—known as the kontra—and by double bass, with cimbalom and clarinet being less standard yet still common additions to a band. In Hungary, a three-stringed viola variant with a flat bridge, called the kontra or háromhúros brácsa makes up part of a traditional rhythm section in Hungarian folk music. The flat bridge lets the musician play three-string chords. A three-stringed double bass variant is also used.Over the centuries, Europe continued to have two distinct types of fiddles: one, relatively square-shouldered, held in the arms, became known as the viola da braccio ( arm viol) family and evolved into the violin; the other, with sloping shoulders and held between the knees, was the viola da gamba ( leg viol) group. During the Renaissance the gambas were important and elegant instruments; they eventually lost ground to the louder (and originally less aristocratic) viola da braccio family. [9] Etymology [ edit ] Alison Krauss - The bluegrass rose blooms | No Depression". 29 December 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-12-29 . Retrieved 21 April 2021. Complete list of 2006 Grammy winners", The Baltimore Sun, Tribune Company, February 9, 2006, accessed March 14, 2007 National Recording Registry Class Produces Ultimate 'Stay at Home' Playlist". Library of Congress. March 25, 2020 . Retrieved March 25, 2020.

Sligo fiddling from northern Connacht, which like Donegal fiddling tends to be fast, but with a bouncier feel to the bowing.

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The term 'fiddle' appears to have originated in America. It is recorded in an 1874 edition of John Hotten's A Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant and Vulgar Words: Jones, Kenneth (February 10, 2009). "Topol Is Tevye in New Fiddler Tour, With Stout, Cella, Strober, Launching Feb. 10". Playbill . Retrieved September 27, 2020. After the Sabbath, Tevye meets Lazar for a drink at the village inn, assuming mistakenly that Lazar wants to buy his cow. Once the misunderstanding is cleared up, Tevye agrees to let Lazar marry Tzeitel – with a rich butcher, his daughter will never want for anything. All join in the celebration of Lazar's good fortune; even the Russian youths at the inn join in the celebration and show off their dancing skills (" To Life"). Outside the inn, Tevye happens upon the Russian Constable, who has jurisdiction over the Jews in the town. The Constable warns him that there is going to be a "little unofficial demonstration" in the coming weeks (a euphemism for a minor pogrom). The Constable has sympathy for the Jewish community but is powerless to prevent the violence.