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Based on that, if a person offers an obligatory prayer sitting when he is able to stand, his prayer is invalid. How to pray on a chair If the worshipper is going to pray on the chair from the beginning of the prayer until the end, then he should make the place where he will sit level with the row. Taawudh and Tasmiyah, a person has to recite the whole of Surah Al-Fatihah. This is a pillar (rukn) and the Prayer will not be correct without it. If a person is able to stand but he cannot bow or prostrate, the standing is not waived for him; he should pray standing and tilt his head for the bowing, then sit down and tilt his head for the prostration. This is the view of al-Shafi'i… Salaah performed on a chair will be incomplete if a person is capable of sitting on the ground and doing sujood (prostration). This ruling applies to one, even though one may not be capable of standing in Qiyaam.
If one experiences the average slight difficulty, it is impermissible for such a person to abandon the standing position due to such a minor inconvenience” (Shaami) If a person is able to stand, while gaining support from an object or leaning upon something, the Salaah will be rendered incomplete, if performed in a seated position. The scholars are unanimously agreed that if a person cannot stand then he may pray sitting down.” (Al-Mughni, 1/443)
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as he did in the first Rakaat and start recitation by reciting “ Bismillah ir-Rahman ir-Rahim” and Surah Al-Fatihah followed by any void. For instance, recitation of Surah Al-Fatḥiaḥ in each and every ‘Rakaat’ is an essential for Prayer. As Salaamu Alaikum. can you plz explain the rulings on sitting on a chair and praying in details(where chair foot should be nd where person foot should be). jazakallah With regard to the placement of the chair in the row, the scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) stated that the one who prays sitting down should have his posterior in line with the row when he is sitting, so he should not be in front of the row or behind it at that point, because that is the place in which the body settles.(See Asna al-Matalib, 1/222; Tuhfat al-Muhtaj, 2/157; Sharh Muntaha al-Iradat, 1/279) The one who prays sitting on the ground or on a chair must make his prostration lower than his bowing. The Sunnah is for him to put his hands on his knees when bowing, and when prostrating the Sunnah is to put them on the ground if possible; if he cannot do that then he should put them on his knees, because it was proven that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “I have been commanded to prostrate on seven bones: the forehead – and he pointed to his nose – the two hands, the two knees, and the edges of the two feet (i.e., the toes).”
It has been commonly noticed that those performing Salaah on chairs extend the hands forward while doing Rukuu and Sujood, this is also incorrect. The hands must remain on the thighs while gesturing with the head only. If one has the ability to stand while leaning, the correct view is that one should offer the prayer while in a standing position reclining on something. It would not be correct to do other than that. Similarly, if one has the strength to lean on a staff or an attendant, he is to stand and lean (for prayers)” (Shaami) al-Nawawi (May Allah's Mercy be upon him) said in his book 'al-Majmu': 'It is sufficient for a person to perform the obligatory prayers while sitting due to incapability or the optional prayers even he is capable, and there is no specified state for sitting.'Note: Nowadays, a compass is available which gives the direction of Qiblah. In strange places and airplanes it is a
Sitting on the Ground Versus on a Chair, Even if One is Genuinely Unable to Render Qiyaam and Sujood It is impermissible for a person with average pain (which is bearable) to perform Salaah in a seated position. Jaabir (ra) reports, “ The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) offered his prayers upon his conveyance (transportation) in which ever direction the (conveyance animal) was facing. When he intended to perform the Fardh prayer, he would climb down and face the Qibla”. (Bukhari)Imran ibn Husayn (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I had haemorrhoids so I asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about praying. He said: “Pray standing up; if you cannot, then pray sitting down; and if you cannot, then pray (lying) on your side.” (Narrated by al-Bukhari, 1066) If a person is unable to do that and prays on a chair, there is nothing wrong with that, because Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
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